Joseph H. Cater explains to us why the aurora has a ring shape, instead of a
beam, in the first paragraph.The opening is so wide that, in the center,
only the vacuum of space is there, no atmosphere to agitate and break up the
soft particles on their way out.
In the beginning of the second paragraph, he explains that when soft
particles break up into their constituent photons, the auroral lights are
seen.
In the latter half of the second paragraph, he explains what the size of the
opening is from deduction.
" From an orthodox standpoint there is no way this ring effect can logically
be explained, and all attempts have been devoid of sound thinking. From what
has just been presented ( in Mr. Cater's book ), the explanation is obvious.
The central sun would naturally radiate high concentrations of soft
electrons in all directions. Those whose paths take them close to the edge
of the opening will encounter much of the Earth's atmosphere. Many of these
will tend to disintegrate as they pass through the atmosphere. Most of these
disintegrations will occur some distance above the Earth's surface as they
leave the opening. Those whose paths are further from the edge, including
the center, will encounter little or no atmosphere, and thus travel to outer
space without disintegrating. A ring effect is the result. Although this
ring is close to the North Pole, it could not be centered there, but must be
offset a few hundred miles, since previous satellite pictures show this
opening to be in the vicinity of the magnetic pole in northern Canada.
The diameter of the ring will fluctuate. It will vary from approximately the
diameter of the opening, to several thousand miles. The particles which hit
the atmosphere, when ejected from the openings, usually travel considerable
distance beyond the opening before many of them disintegrate into their
constituent light. This distance will vary according to their concentration
and the velocity at which they are ejected. They are forced outward in all
directions by a continuous flow of particles from the interior. Resistance
produced by atmosphere and the particles it already contains tends to slow
them down. This causes a backup of particles. The backup of particles will
often concentrate close to the lip of the opening during periods of normal
solar activity, when the velocity of particles ejected from the interior is
relatively low. The resultant disintegration of particles will produce a
ring approximately the diameter of opening. It has been found that during
this period, the rings measure 600-700 miles across. Interestingly enough, a
close examination of early satellite pictures indicate that the north polar
opening about 600 miles in diameter. Since the above-mentioned flat in the
outline of the Earth is about 1,600 miles or more across, it can be
concluded that the Earth's shell is about 1,000 miles thick!
Posted by Dean