Frode,
I called Cater again, mostly because of another issue.
But I asked him about the sun being a nuclear process because, after all, it
emits hard electrons. He confirmed what I said in the fourth paragraph down,
that the sun actually emanates soft electrons, they hit the atmosphere as
soft ones, and change into hard electrons once they hit the atmosphere.
What do you think about this? It is congruent with the rest of his scheme,
but not with NASA.
Dharma/Dean
Frode,
At your suggestion, I went back and read Chapter 19 of The Awesome Life
Force, the part about radiation and nuclear processes. Cater says that
when
the nuclei in fissionable material are bombarded by additional neutrons,
that the increased activity in the nuclei causes the photon aggregates in
the vicinity to disintegrate. This releases the hard electrons, hence the
heat and destruction, and the breakup of the photons accounts for the
light.
Since the rays of the Sun contain these hard electrons, then this "
suggests
" that the sun of our solar system is a nuclear process, like Norlan was
saying. Since these types of electrons do not emanate from the sun within
the Earth, then the inner sun probably is not a matter of a nuke process.
But how does this understanding tie in with the heating mechanism which
Cater mentions in Chapter 15, in relation to large globes? At one point he
says this: " The actual source of the energy that is finally radiated into
outer space is the soft particles and photons normally radiated by the
atoms
of the material inside a sun. This is due to the activities of the
fundamental particles. "
I am wondering if the particles don't leave the sun as the " soft
particles
and photons normally radiated by the atoms, " like Cater mentions, but
then when the soft particle reaches the atmosphere, it breaks up and
liberates the visible electron within. Cater does not seem to think that a
nuclear process is going on.
This is worth discussing and getting to the bottom of, because the model
has
to be cohesive. Once we develop our thoughts on this matter, I'd even be
willing to call him up about it. Anyway, here is the whole thing that
Cater
says:
CHAPTER 15
THE NEW COSMOLOGY, THE SOURCE OF THE SUN'S
RADIANT ENERGY, AND
THE CAUSE OF NOVAS AND SUNSPOTS
One thing that all suns seem to have in common is their great size in
comparison to planets. The astrophysicists speak of white dwarfs of
planetary size and less. It is apparent from the evidence that has been
presented throughout this treatise that any claims made by astrononauts or
astrophysicists pertaining to celestial determinations have about the
same
degee of merit as the other scientific claims that have been mentioned
previously. There is nothing to justify the existence of a white dwarf.
For
one thing, due to its small size and its limited gravitational in-fluence
it
could only hold very small bodies of asteroid size in orbits, and then
only
for a short distance away. According to the fallacious theories of
orthodox
science, a white dwarf consists of atoms with prac-tically all their
electrons stripped away, and hence possesses enormous gravity. It will be
shown that astrophysicists have no way of accurately determing the
distance
away or the size of stars.
The larger the body, the greater its mass or volume in proportion to its
surface area This means that, as the size increases, it is less probable
that the energies produced by the normal activities of the atoms in the
body's interior will escape from the surface without a resultant increase
in
the temperature of its surface. The energy radiated from the surface will
be
in the form of photons and other particles of all types. Below a critical
size, the surface area [ of a globe ] is sufficicut to allow all of the
radiant energy created in its interior to escape without an increase in
temperature. In fact, such a body will lose heat unless it receives
sufficient energy from its surroundings.
As a body increases in size, its surface area becomes increasingly in
inadequate to allow the radiated energy in its interior to escape without
a
buildup of heat at and below the surface. The surface will radiate the
heat
or energy outward as quickly as it is created in the interior. The rate at
which energy is radiated from a surface increases rapidly with a
resul-tant
increase in surface temperature. This varies as the fourth power of its
absolute temperature. For example, within a certain temperature range, if
the temperature is doubled, the rate at which energy in the form of
photons
and soft particles is radiated increases by a factor of16.
The critical size of such a body will depend on its composition. For
example, if it contains a high concentration of mildly radioactive
substances, this critical size will be less. If the body has a hollow
condition, the outside dimensions would have to be greater. The red
giants,
if they are even close to the dimensions claimed, would have to be hollow
with relatively thin shells; otherwise, they wouldn't be red. Their
surface
temperatures would be astronomical.
The actual source of the energy that is finally radiated into outer space
is
the soft particles and photons normally radiated by the atoms of the
material inside a sun. This is due to the activities of the fundamental
par-ticles. Because of the great mass of the Sun, an abnormal
concentration
of these soft particles is always present in the interior. This
concentration is greatest near the surface. There is a steady increase in
intensity from the center toward the outside. This results in a continuous
disintegration of a high percentage of those particles near the surface,
which is accompanied by a great increase in temperature, which in turn
results in a greater rate of disintegration. At the same time, the rate at
which the soft particles are created increases. A state of near
equilibrium
exists when the rate at which the soft particles are created in the
interior
interior approx-imately equals the rate at which they disintegrate. It
would
follow, then, that the highest temperatures exist at the surface and
steadily decrease with the distance below the surface. This means that any
sun has a relatively cool interior.
The principle that size is the major factor in a celestial body's ability
to
radiate is confirmed by the behavior of very large planets such as Jupiter
and Saturn. An application of this principle indicates that bodies of
such
size should start radiating more energy than they receive from outside
sources. Recent determinations indicate that both Jupiter and Saturn do,
in
fact, radiate more energy than they receive from the Sun. A recent probe
showed a surprisingly higher temperature in Jupiter's upper at-mosphere
than
was formerly believed to exist.
It now becomes apparent that the conventional theory which states that the
radiant energy of the Sun is produced by thermonuclear reactions is
complete
nonsense. One thing to consider is that, if this were the case, the Sun's
radiation would be so lethal that no life could exist on any of the
planets
in the solar system. The deadly and highly radoactive radiations resulting
from this kind of reaction would be simply too much for nature to cope
with
···
on a daily basis. The high concentrations of ultraviolet rays are potent
enough, but this has been mitigated by the atmosphere and the law of
redistribution of energy.
