Hi, Dean, and All fellow Hollow Earthers!
I just recalled some material that I included in a snail-mail letter to an old friend in Britain, some time back, regarding my interest in Hollow Planets. He's a fairly Intellectual guy and I have been steadily convincing him of the falliblilty of orthodox scientific dogma and urging him to "think outside the square".
Having read some of the recent speculations regarding the formation of these, I though it might be worth while digging out the letter, and running the relevant portion of it by you, as a matter of interest and to get your "takes" on my general concept of how a hollow planet might initially come to be formed. I know that this hypothesis will fly in the face of current scientific teaching on planetary formation, but I prefer to think for myself rather than be a follower of orthodox astrophysical concepts. I find that the trouble with following the old scientific "Cow Path" is that you have to wade through such a lot of pure B...S...!
Anyhow, here it is, for what it's worth, so I would appreciate any views any among you might have on it! (Perhaps Mr. Cater might even appreciate and approve of some of my thoughts therein, Dean! )
Best Regards to all,
Gerry (aka Marsflash)
A Speculation on Hollow Planet Formation
Abstracted from a letter written to a friend by Gerry Forster
"…I’m still enjoying my alternative science studies via the Internet, by the way, and I recently joined a couple of discussion-egroups on the Net, who are interested in the possibility of the Earth actually being hollow inside. (Rather similar to a tennis-ball, with the centre of gravity actually being in the form of a sphere and lying midway through the thickness of the "tennis-ball" Earth’s crust, which they claim to be around 600-800 miles thick!)
"I know that it may all sound a bit far-fetched to you, but the fact is that nobody - not even the world’s greatest geologist - can possibly know if the Earth is actually solid or not! Nor can they deny that it could be hollow! The deepest borehole yet drilled is in either South America or Kamchatka, and they’re currently down to around 17.5 kilometres deep at the time of writing – and still drilling! The last I heard was that they’d struck a thick layer of basalt, which had been totally unexpected as they’d been expecting to tap into the upper semi-molten magma layer several kilometres earlier. Also the temperature down the bore has long since stopped rising, and has instead begun falling again! So something is radically wrong with current geological textbook knowledge.
"This "Hollow Earth" concept would certainly help to clear up a great many anomalies regarding gravitation, and especially in connection with the newly-discovered fact that the Earth has been expanding since Jurassic (Dinosaur) times - 260,000,000 years ago! This excitingly new "Expanding Earth" geology supports the continental-drift theory extremely well, and with it, one can now demonstrate that all the continents once fitted together perfectly and entirely covered an Earth only one-third the size that we see it today. Tectonic plates are the culprits, since, where their rough edges meet and grate together, they cause the thrusting apart of the world’s continental plates by extruding molten lava. This is produced either from substrata of underlying foundational rock, melted by the heat of constant unimaginable friction, or directly from the mantle of semimolten matter – and which has emerged and solidified continuously along and between the plate-edges for hundreds of millions of years.
"Thus, by the simple continuous accretion of solidified lava upon their edges, the plates carrying their respective continents have been slowly thrust further and further apart. It also explains how identical species of dinosaurs were able to spread out on to different continents all over the globe - especially since so many of them could not swim!
If this great new "Expanding Earth" concept is correct, then 260 million years ago the gigantic dinosaurs would have simply been able to amble across from one future continent to another upon dry land! Africa, Europe and South America would then have been snugly nestled in conjunction up against each other!
"It has been discovered that the Atlantic Ocean is currently widening at the rate of some 2 –3 centimetres a year – thus pushing the Americas ever further away from Africa and Europe! It might not sound like much, but one has only to do the necessary math calculation (as I did) to discover that this amounts to around an average distance of 4,500 kilometres over the past 260 million years. Which is what we find to be the current actual average width of the Atlantic Ocean! The "engine" that is providing all this thrust is the Mid-Atlantic Ridge which is known
to be an 8,000 mile-long volcanic rift in the ocean floor, and which is still constantly extruding new molten lava to this very day! The globe of the Earth’s crust is criss-crossed by such plate-rifts, so all of the continents are being pushed apart from each other – with the obvious result that the Earth itself has to be steadily expanding in size!
"The old concept of the "subduction" of plate-edges down beneath each other into the inner molten magma, is no longer a puzzle, since it simply does not happen! From what I can discover and deduce, there’s absolutely no need to assume that the tectonic plates upon which the continents are carried, float upon a sea of molten magma at all! These lava catchments may simply occur in deep subterranean "reservoirs" or "lakes" here and there beneath the plate-boundaries, where most of the tectonic activity is principally concentrated.
"And here’s the real "kicker! The Earth could only have expanded like this if it was hollow like a tennis-ball! Despite their apparent solidity and hardness (to us, at any rate), the rocks, on a global scale, are surprisingly plastic and bendable. Interesting stuff to contemplate, isn’t it! Thus, it logically follows that, if the Earth is a hollow spheroid, then so also must all the other planets be, too! In fact, if you think about this a little more carefully, the hollow sphere
is extremely common in nature and in physics right across the universe. Consider the simple bubble, then think about ball lightning.
It isn’t hard to envisage that most so-called solid particles, photons and electrons, and even atoms themselves, which carry electrical charges are merely miniature "bubbles of energy". From there it’s an easy mental step to scale the whole thing up to something of star proportions, and onward further still to galactic and even universal dimensions!
"Just think of the Earth as once being a sort of "balloon" of electrical energy, which gradually, due to natural electromagnetism or static electricity, became coated with fine particles of cosmic dust, to such an extent that eventually it had formed into a solid thick spherical shell of rocky matter. You can then see that there is a far simpler way in which the solar system, or even the entire universe, became formed!
"As far as the solar system is concerned. I once thought the sun was a spinning ball of conglomerated cosmic matter, or space-dust, that trailed a wide disc of dust and gas around its equator like a ballet dancer’s swirling skirt, and that the planets were formed out of eddying clumps of clotting material within this rotating "skirt". But now I’m more inclined to believe that the planets may all have been free ranging spheres or balls of energy which were "captured" by the sun’s rotating gravitational field. And that they are now held at their orbital distances simply by the conflict of opposing electromagnetism between themselves and the Sun, dependent upon how strong their own individual EMF fields are.
"If it were simply a combination of gravity and centrifugal force alone that held us in orbit around the Sun, one or the other would surely have won out eventually, since our Sun is far from being gravitationally or electromagnetically stable. Its power-output waxes and wanes quite fitfully according to the varying phenomena of "sunspot" EMF activity (vast magnetic storms and vortices) which flare up at spasmodic intervals. Ergo, the orbits of the planets could be extremely erratic and our orbital distance from the Sun could vary beyond highly lethal parameters for all life upon them, particularly Earth, where a matter of 20-30° C variation could either freeze or scorch all life from the surface almost instantaneously.
"I believe that electromagnetic-force
is inextricably intertwined with what we call "gravitation". Thus, such violent fluctuations of the Sun’s EMF should have long since either drawn our planet into itself during an upsurgence of its EMF power, or, alternatively, during a waning of such solar EMF power, the Earth’s orbital centrifugal force could well have carried it free upon a tangent, out of the Sun’s range of influence!
"Therefore, I can only conclude that my earlier premise of opposing EMF fields must be the correct one, and that Einstein’s Theory of General Relativity operates exactly as he predicted it would. (You can check out his theory for yourself – if you’re game!)
"Incidentally, before I leave this subject of utmost "Gravity", I ought to point out that, if the Earth is a huge "rock bubble," with a carapace or shell of around 600-800 miles thick, the centre of gravity would not be a focal point located at the centre of the globe. It would much more likely prove to be a completely spherical "focus", located around midway through the crustal coating, since that is where the hollow earth’s mass and therefore its gravitational attraction would be at its strongest. From there, if we continued onward inside the hollow earth, the gravity would grow steadily weaker again until we reached the central locus of the globe, at which point it would effectively be cancelled out by conlicting weak pulls from every direction. I would expect this to be more or less a gravity-free zone.
"I don’t subscribe to any of the complicated alternatives to mass-based gravity – such as Euler’s impulsation theory of invisible etheric particle-pressure exerting an unseen force which more or less pins us and all other massy objects to the earth. Whilst I am quite happy to accept the concept of a universal "ether" which acts as a non-intervening carrier for all forms of radiative energy, I cannot contemplate such an unseen and forceless substance as any alternative to straightforward plain and honest Newtonian gravitation. It’s served us well enough in our space-endeavours!
"The Laws of nature and physics tend to support the "Occam’s Razor" view. "The Simplest Answer is usually the Right One!" So why do we need to complicate it further?
"As to the rotation of stars or planetary bodies. This appears to be a universal law that comes into play as a celestial body accretes matter to a certain critical mass, and reaches a corresponding compressive heat from the increasing friction between and within the accreted particles of its shell. You will never get an adequate explanation for the causes of rotation, spin or revolution from any orthodox scientist, because they simply don’t have any to offer! Nebulae, galaxies and solar systems all rotate about central hubs, and all stars and planets revolve about their individual axial centres. It seems to be an immutable law of the universe, which starts with the humble atom, that all such bodies must rotate.
"I myself can only describe this phenomenon as a natural consequence of the acquisition of mass and heat to a certain critical degree. I believe it all comes down to simple kinetic energy, which is produced by chemical reactions releasing infinitisimal electrical charges (photons) from atoms. Although orthodox physicists will dispute this, I believe that all atomic nuclei carry electrical charges within electrostatic dipoles, and thus possess their own tiny magnetic fields, no matter how miniscule these may be. Their accompanying electrons are similarly equipped with elecrostatic charges in dipoles, both negative and positive. Therefore, the repulsion and attraction between adjacent atoms (including their orbiting "satellite" electrons), must cause some form of general electromagnetic agitation which produces a basic EMF tumbling or spinning motion through their dipoles – a fundamental rotation, if you like!
"If one considers the cumulative effect of trillions upon trillions of such magnetically-charged atoms in motion, the prime cause of such a generalised overall motion in large masses of matter becomes clear. It is most probably initiated by the generation of a collective electromagnectic field after a certain large amount of kinetic energy has been attained through the combination of mass and heat. Let‘s bear it firmly in mind that, even the tiniest molecule, particle, atom, or even electron, already inherently possesses such a potential agitation or motion.
"So it logically follows that a large aggregation of such self-motivated, negatively and positively-charged particles will further combine their effects into an infinitely greater rotary motion of the whole body or mass of aggregated particles. I can’t be entirely sure about this, but I suspect that an atomic reaction is produced in a somewhat similar sort of manner after a certain "critical mass" of radioactive matter has been brought together.
"But, again, no atomic scientist seems to be able to clearly explain just why a critical mass should combust, explode, or otherwise react with such instant spontaneity. They only discovered that there was such a thing as a "critical mass" by simple trial and error – more often the latter, alas! (It’s more loftily called "Experimentation"!)
"I guess that this is just another of those uncanny things which makes us poor fumbling mortals look marvellingly towards that Higher Inventive Authority who laid down so many other similarly astonishingly simple Universal Rules when He designed that whole original "Box of Tricks" which we call the Comos! (The same ones that we so grandly refer to as the "Laws of Nature and Physics"!)
"I think I’ll leave it at that for now, and get down to a bit more hard thinking! One doesn’t really need to be a Doctor of Mathematics or a whizz-kid genius in Applied Physics to find sensible answers to these sorts of conundrums. Through the deductions of his brilliant (albeit fictitious) detective, Sherlock Holmes, Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, who was a total duffer at mathematics, showed us that his own personal common-sense, down-to-earth logic and reasoning powers were flawless. It took a real genius to invent a fictitious one of Sherlock Holmes’s astounding calibre!
"It’s also worth noting that Sherlock Holmes was probably one of the greatest models of lateral-thinking - an ability which is a wonderful asset to any armchair amateur scientist. By the way, the dictionary definition of "Science" is simply stated as follows: "The study of the nature and behaviour of the physical universe, based on observation, experiment, and measurement." Then it goes on to say: "Systematic and formulated knowledge; the pursuit or principles of this."
Alas! Being a free thinker, I never had much use for either of those rigid methodologies - systems or formulae! But then again, if we look a little further, we discover that the real "kicker" is in the etymology of the Latin word "Scientia", which simply means "Knowledge" – and to which I would also add "Intuition" – both of which we can all acquire if we set our minds to them!
"The foregoing rambling diatribe is probably more than a trifle rough-hewn and disconnected. I tend to write on the run! But maybe a better-disciplined mind than mine might be able to glean something worthwhile out of it all! Anyhow, I’ll catch up with you later on, after I’ve done a bit more mental digging and delving in my cerebral back garden! Let you know what else I turn up!
As always, your good friend,
Gerry
Ó Gerry Forster. 2001